From 1944 to 1989, Bulgaria went through what locals often refer to simply as “The Communism.” It was a time of centralized control, nationalized property, and state-sponsored privilege. Private lands, mansions, and even vineyards were confiscated, and in their place, luxurious retreats were built for those in power, members of the Communist Party elite.
After the regime fell in 1989, these government-owned properties saw a dramatic shift. The 1990s ushered in a controversial process of restitution, privatization, and quiet acquisitions by those close to the new ruling circles. Some of the communist-era residences became private estates, while others were reborn as luxury hotels, open to the public. These once-secretive retreats, dubbed by Bulgarians as “the paradise of the dignitaries” or “islands for the chosen”, have become destinations where travelers can blend a taste of history with high-end hospitality.
Here’s a guide to some of the most notable former party residences you can now book for your next getaway.
- Kashmir (Formerly Velina), Velingrad
- Sunny Day Resort, Varna
- Riviera Holiday Club, Golden Sands
- Residence Hotel, Kardzhali
- Hunting Club Diana, Tervel
- Arbanassi Palace, Veliko Tarnovo
- Sveti Vrach, Sandanski
Meawhile, you might like to have a look at some tours dedicated to the Communist Past
Kashmir (Formerly Velina), Velingrad
In the heart of Bulgaria’s spa capital Velingrad, the former Velina residence has been transformed into the opulent Hotel Kashmir, a five-star, adults-only retreat. Originally built to pamper Communist Party members, the complex once featured a tennis court convertible into a helicopter landing pad and multiple private villas built in a maisonette style.
Today, Kashmir retains its exclusive character but adds a contemporary flair. Renovated extensively in 2023, the hotel has doubled its capacity from 62 to over 120 rooms. The spa is world-class, featuring steam baths, saunas, massage pools with waterfall features, wine bars, and tranquil relaxation lounges. This modern place merges its elite legacy with a forward-looking hospitality experience.
Check the availability and prices in Kashmir Hotel, Velingrad
Sunny Day Resort, Varna
Located just 10 kilometers north of Varna and 16 kilometers from the city’s airport, the Sunny Day complex once served as a tightly controlled vacation base for the Central Committee of the Bulgarian Communist Party. Tucked away in the resort area of St. Constantine and Elena, this gated retreat was strictly off-limits to ordinary citizens.
Today, Sunny Day is fully privatized and features two high-end hotels: Hotel Marina and The Palace Balneo & Spa. The architecture of the hotels is typical for the period but the interiors have passed numerous major upgrades and today they meet the higher standards of the 21st century. The area still boasts an impressive natural park with rare tree species, natural hot springs, and a private yacht marina accommodating up to 17 vessels. The resort has become a favorite for wellness tourism, and thanks to its restricted access history, it remains one of the most serene places on the Black Sea coast.
See the hotels in Sunny Day, Varna and select one for your taste and budget
Riviera Holiday Club, Golden Sands
Before the fall of communism, the Riviera complex near Golden Sands was simply known as “The Republic.” Built in the mid-1970s, it served as a beachfront haven for members of the Council of Ministers and foreign dignitaries visiting Bulgaria. The property was so exclusive that access was limited to the highest ranks of power.
Now operating as the Riviera Holiday Club, the resort includes several five-star all-inclusive hotels such as Imperial (formerly House No. 7), Riviera Beach, Oasis, Nympha and Lotus. Spread across a private 12-hectare park, these hotels sit directly on the beach and offer some of the most luxurious accommodations on the Black Sea. With its unique history and premier location, Riviera remains a compelling blend of socialist legacy and contemporary indulgence.
All the hotels are managed by one company and availabilities are uncommon, so better book early if you want to try this communist heaven. If not, Golden Sands Resort is a few meters away and offers good accommodation options for every taste.
Residence Hotel, Kardzhali
This hotel was once a retreat for former communist leader Todor Zhivkov, who sought solace within its walls. Today, it remains a cherished summer escape for locals, who flock to ‘The Residence’ for its sparkling pool and crisp mountain air. Perfectly positioned near the road to the ancient Perperikon fortress, the complex has also become a favorite stopover for history-loving travelers.
The greatest charm of this place lies in the breathtaking panoramic views that stretch across the unspoiled landscape and stays into the hearts of every guest.
Check the hotels in the Kardzhali region where mountain hills embrace the magnificent reservoirs.
Hunting Club Diana, Tervel
This place offers a truly boutique experience. Nestled within a hunting reserve, yet need not be a hunter to lose yourself in the club’s unique charm. Here Todor Zhivkov once hosted political leaders of the communist era on grand hunts, a legacy preserved by the current owners, who have spent years curating artifacts from that storied past. Every corner whispers of history and every object breathes nostalgia here.
Step inside, and time bends: you’ll wander through the echoes of socialism, trace the gilded edges of privilege reserved for the elite, and, should you carry a hunter’s spirit, blend it all with the thrill of the chase.
The area of Tervel is rich in natural sights and ancient old artifacts too, get a trip around the area!
Arbanassi Palace, Veliko Tarnovo
Perched on the hilltops above Veliko Tarnovo, Arbanassi Palace is perhaps the most architecturally striking of all the former party residences. Built in 1975 as a personal residence for Todor Zhivkov, Bulgaria’s long-time communist leader, the structure was designed by famed architect Nikola Nikolov and resembles a medieval fortress.
Until 1991, it was used exclusively by the government, accessible only via a private road. After the regime’s fall, it was converted into a boutique hotel and underwent a luxurious renovation in 2001. With just 16 double rooms and 3 suites, the hotel ensures privacy and exclusivity. Each room features panoramic views of Veliko Tarnovo, Tsarevets Fortress, Trapezitsa, and the Holy Forest hill.
Arbanassi Palace has also gained notoriety in Bulgaria’s post-communist history. The property was associated with Iliya Pavlov, a controversial businessman from the 1990s whose name is linked to both philanthropy and alleged criminal activity. His official grave is located in a chapel next to the hotel.
In recent years, the hotel has become a sought-after venue for weddings and private events. It has even served as a filming location for Bulgarian productions like “(D)evil’s Throat: Djavolskoto Garlo.”
Check the hotels in Arbanasi to experience a touch of Medieval Royalty views and modern service.
Sveti Vrach, Sandanski
Just five kilometers from the spa town of Sandanski, Sveti Vrach was originally built as a lavish government residence. Spanning 430 decares (43 hectares), the complex was a self-contained oasis surrounded by lush parkland, a rare botanical garden with over 200 exotic plant species, and an artificial lake. The mineral-rich springs of Sandanski, famous for their therapeutic properties, feed both the pools and the plumbing throughout the estate.
Sveti Vrach operated as a luxury spa hotel. The facilities include a thermal pool, an open-air jacuzzi, and a modern balneotherapy center offering wellness and beauty treatments. Guests enjoyed the tranquil setting once reserved for communist officials while unwinding in absolute comfort.
The property was acquired in 2023 by the known hosting company SiteGround and currently it is being renovated.
A Journey Through History and Luxury
Staying in these former government residences offers more than upscale amenities; it’s a way to walk through Bulgaria’s layered history. These properties, once reserved for the select few who ruled from behind the Iron Curtain, are now open to all who wish to enjoy their unique ambiance, architectural splendor, and tranquil locations.
Whether you’re drawn to mineral-rich spas, secluded coastal beaches, or historical intrigue, each of these retreats offers a rare opportunity to experience Bulgaria from a different perspective—one that blends past privilege with present-day luxury. Next time you’re planning a trip to Bulgaria, consider checking into one of these storied estates. Your stay will not only be relaxing but also deeply rooted in the complex and fascinating history of the country.